History Lives - Buyeo and Samhan Part: Episode 10: The Twelve States of Byeonhan Rule the Sea with Iron

1. From the 1st to the 3rd century CE, the twelve states of Byeonhan, relying on iron alone, stood at the center of maritime trade in Northeast Asia, dealing simultaneously with the Nakrang and Daebang commanderies and Wa.
2. Guyaguk in the lower reaches of the Nakdonggang, in the Gimhae and Haman area, grew into a port that brokered iron trade, using iron ingots as currency.
3. The majority view holds that Byeonhan continued into Gaya, but some stress that considerable reorganization occurred, such as the Posangpalguk War in the 3rd century.

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